8 Methods

Food Preservation

Extend your harvest with time-tested preservation techniques. From water bath canning to fermentation, master the skills for year-round self-sufficiency.

Showing 8 of 8 methods

Water Bath Canning

Canning Beginner

Preservation using boiling water to seal jars of high-acid foods

Shelf Life
1-2 years
Time
2-4 hours per batch

Equipment Needed

Large pot, canning rack, jars, lids, jar lifter, funnel

Best For

Fruits, jams, jellies, pickles, tomatoes, salsas

Not Recommended For

Low-acid vegetables, meats, dairy

Energy Requirements

Stovetop heat for processing

Safety Note

Only for high-acid foods (pH < 4.6), proper headspace essential

Pro Tip

Always use tested recipes, check jar seals after 24 hours

Pressure Canning

Canning Intermediate

Preservation using pressure to achieve temperatures above boiling for low-acid foods

Shelf Life
2-5 years
Time
3-5 hours per batch

Equipment Needed

Pressure canner, jars, lids, jar lifter, tested recipes

Best For

Vegetables, meats, soups, beans, stocks

Not Recommended For

Dairy, eggs, pasta, rice, flour-thickened foods

Energy Requirements

Stovetop heat, extended processing time

Safety Note

Essential for low-acid foods, follow USDA guidelines exactly

Pro Tip

Have gauge tested annually, adjust for altitude

Freezing

Cold Storage Beginner

Preservation by lowering temperature below 0°F to halt bacterial growth

Shelf Life
8-12 months for most foods
Time
30 minutes - 2 hours for prep

Equipment Needed

Freezer, freezer bags or containers, vacuum sealer optional

Best For

Berries, vegetables, meats, prepared meals, herbs

Not Recommended For

High-water vegetables (lettuce), eggs in shell

Energy Requirements

Continuous electricity for freezer

Safety Note

Blanch vegetables before freezing, label with dates

Pro Tip

Flash freeze berries on trays before bagging, remove air from packages

Dehydrating

Drying Beginner

Preservation by removing moisture to prevent bacterial growth

Shelf Life
6 months - 1 year
Time
6-24 hours depending on food

Equipment Needed

Food dehydrator or oven, airtight containers

Best For

Fruits, vegetables, herbs, jerky, fruit leather

Not Recommended For

High-fat foods, dairy, eggs

Energy Requirements

Electricity for dehydrator, low energy use

Safety Note

Ensure complete drying, proper storage crucial

Pro Tip

Slice uniformly for even drying, condition dried foods

Fermentation

Fermentation Beginner to Intermediate

Preservation using beneficial bacteria to create acidic environment

Shelf Life
6 months - 1 year refrigerated
Time
30 minutes prep, 1-4 weeks fermenting

Equipment Needed

Jars, salt, weights, fermentation lids optional

Best For

Cabbage, cucumbers, vegetables, hot sauce, kimchi

Not Recommended For

Most fruits (except some), cooked foods

Energy Requirements

None for fermentation, refrigeration for storage

Safety Note

Keep vegetables submerged, watch for mold

Pro Tip

Use proper salt ratio (2-3%), room temperature fermentation

Root Cellaring

Cold Storage Beginner

Storage in cool, humid conditions for root vegetables and fruits

Shelf Life
2-6 months depending on vegetable
Time
1-2 hours for harvest and storage

Equipment Needed

Cold storage area (32-40°F), bins, sand or sawdust

Best For

Root vegetables, apples, pears, cabbage, winter squash

Not Recommended For

Soft fruits, tomatoes, peppers

Energy Requirements

None if using natural cooling

Safety Note

Check regularly for spoilage, maintain humidity

Pro Tip

Cure winter squash before storage, separate ethylene producers

Smoking

Smoking Intermediate to Advanced

Preservation using smoke to dry and add antimicrobial compounds

Shelf Life
2-4 weeks refrigerated, longer if frozen
Time
4-24 hours depending on product

Equipment Needed

Smoker or smokehouse, wood chips, curing salt

Best For

Fish, meat, cheese, salt

Not Recommended For

Most vegetables, fruits (except some)

Energy Requirements

Heat source for smoke generation

Safety Note

Proper curing before smoking essential for meat safety

Pro Tip

Cold smoke for flavor, hot smoke for cooking and preservation

Salt Curing

Curing Intermediate

Preservation using salt to draw out moisture and prevent bacterial growth

Shelf Life
Months to years depending on product
Time
Days to weeks depending on product

Equipment Needed

Salt, curing chamber or refrigerator, containers

Best For

Fish, meat (bacon, ham), olives, lemons

Not Recommended For

Most vegetables, fruits

Energy Requirements

Refrigeration for some methods

Safety Note

Use curing salt with nitrates for meat, proper ratios essential

Pro Tip

Weigh ingredients precisely, control temperature and humidity

Preservation Categories

Getting Started with Preservation

Start with Freezing

Freezing is the easiest preservation method. Perfect for beginners with minimal equipment needed.

Learn Water Bath Canning

Great for jams, pickles, and high-acid foods. A rewarding next step for your pantry.

Try Fermentation

Create probiotic-rich foods like sauerkraut and kimchi. Simple equipment, amazing results.

Safety First

Always follow tested recipes from reliable sources. Food safety is critical in preservation.

Preserve Your Harvest

Connect your preservation methods with your crops using our companion planting and economics tools.